A medida que el estudio de la Tierra ha avanzado, la observación, el análisis y la comprensión de los elementos que la caracterizan y de sus interacciones, han dado lugar al desarrollo de diversos campos del conocimiento que van creciendo en complejidad. A la investigación sobre las conexiones entre procesos bióticos y abióticos, entre inventarios y flujos globales a través de las diferentes esferas o compartimentos distinguibles de nuestro planeta, se suma ahora la necesidad de integrar el papel de los seres humanos en la comprensión de la dinámica planetaria. No hay duda de la influencia recíproca entre la vida y los componentes hídricos, gaseosos y sólidos de la Tierra.

Conceptos como la Noosfera y el Antropoceno, vislumbrados siglos antes, pero desarrollados en el siglo XX dan contexto a nuevos enfoques científicos para este siglo, en un mundo heterogéneo que experimenta cambios no lineales en el clima y en el ambiente regional y global. Un mundo en el que las sociedades humanas, más conectadas e informadas que nunca, deben tomar decisiones que cambien las bases de su relación con el medio ambiente.

En esta charla se expondrán los fundamentos físicos y biogeoquímicos del funcionamiento planetario actual y el cambio climático, relacionándolos con las perspectivas para la biodiversidad y el desarrollo de las sociedades humanas. Se revisarán brevemente los escenarios nacionales e internacionales existentes para enfrentar el cambio climático y se compartirán ideas sobre el potencial de los científicos y las universidades, de nuestro país en particular, para contribuir positivamente a este esfuerzo.

La región más baja de la atmósfera del Sol es conocida como la Cromosfera Solar, visible en el óptico durante los eclipses totales de Sol. Tiene un espesor que se extiende hasta los 2,000 km por encima de la superficie visible (fotosfera) de nuestra estrella. Es una capa delgada que tiene una dinámica propia con una diversidad de fenómenos que son analizados y observados con telescopios en tierra, pero también desde el espacio.

El plasma que la conforma, presenta una densidad que es millones de veces más baja que la atmósfera de nuestro planeta y cuyas temperaturas que van desde los 4,700 K en la fotosfera hasta cerca de los 10,000 K en su parte más alta. Presenta también otras características como los filamentos solares y las prominencias, que comúnmente pueden ser observadas a través del uso de filtros especiales como los H-Alpha (656.28 nm) e incluso pueden ser observadas lo que se conoce como regiones activas.

Estas características son estudiadas y monitoreadas desde el Laboratorio de Ciencias GeoEspaciales (LACIGE, www.lacige.unam.mx) de la ENES Morelia, UNAM, con la finalidad de estudiar la dinámica de esta región en nuestra estrella. La plática versará sobre el conocimiento de la cromosfera y fotosfera solar en el contexto de la actividad solar, la importancia de su estudio e impacto en términos de la dependencia tecnológica actual en nuestra sociedad.

Repeating large earthquakes (M ≥ 7) whose waveforms are nearly identical have not been documented in the literature even though they should be expected from the characteristic earthquake model.

Here we report on three sequences of repeating large earthquakes along the Mexican subduction zone: in eastern and western Oaxaca, and in southeast Guerrero. The waveforms of the earthquakes in each sequence, on Galitzin seismograph at DeBilt, Netherlands, are strikingly similar.

The repeating earthquakes in eastern Oaxaca occurred on 23 March 1928 (Ms7.5), 23 August 1965 (Mw7.5, Ms7.6), and 26 June 2020 (Mw7.4, Ms7.4); in western Oaxaca on 4 August 1928 (Ms7.4) and 2 August 1968 (Mw7.3, Ms7.2); and in Guerrero (near Acapulco) on 11 May 1962 (Ms7.0) and 8 September 2021 (Mw7.0; Ms7.0).

Similarity of waveforms of earthquakes in each sequence suggests that they ruptured roughly the same area. Moment rate functions of all of these events are remarkably simple. Seismic observation suggest that the plate interface consists of discreet asperities whose frictional properties persist over time. There is little interaction between the asperities so that the characteristic earthquake model prevails.

En el contexto de una respuesta precoz a la ocurrencia de un terremoto, la estimación de la magnitud y del mecanismo focal juegan un papel preponderante. Esto es particularmente cierto en ambientes de subducción, en donde ambos factores son cruciales para determinar el potencial del sismo a generar un tsunami destructor.

Hasta hace algunos años era necesario esperar por lo menos varias horas antes de tener una estimación robusta de esos parámetros. Después del sismo de Sumatra en 2004 (Mw 9.2) en particular, quedó en evidencia la necesidad de un esfuerzo para poder disponer rápidamente de una estimación confiable de los parámetros focales.

El algoritmo de inversión de fuente a partir de la fase W es una contribución en ese sentido. Se caracteriza por utilizar ondas de muy largo periodo (100 s - 1000 s) que se propagan rápidamente en el manto superior y llegan a la estación antes que las ondas superficiales. La alta velocidad de grupo representa una gran ventaja. Por un lado, esto permite un análisis rápido; por el otro, la energía de la fase W está contenida dentro de una corta ventana de tiempo después de la llegada de la onda P y esto facilita la extracción del segmento adecuado de señal sin interferencia de otras fases tardías en especial las ondas superficiales que a menudo saturan la señal para grandes terremotos.

El carácter de período largo también representa varias ventajas substanciales. En primer lugar está la insensibilidad a las heterogeneidades laterales y a los detalles de la fuente. Un modelo genérico de Tierra y un modelo de falla puntual, incluso para grandes terremotos, son perfectamente apropiados. Otra ventaja del uso de largos períodos es que ellos representan mejor el potencial de tsunami de un terremoto que los datos a más corto período. Se requiere una localización y un tiempo origen preliminares, así como una magnitud preliminar, como guía para fijar la banda frecuencial a utilizar. El tensor de momento se obtiene por inversión lineal de las trazas temporales del desplazamiento de la fase W y la posición óptima del centroide se obtiene mediante una búsqueda de malla. A distancias telesísmicas, el método permite la obtención del CMT media hora después del tiempo origen. A escala regional, los resultados están disponibles entre 7 y 15 minutos después del tiempo origen.

Desde su primera implementación en 2007, el algoritmo se ha venido enriqueciendo con la experiencia adquirida con los colegas de los diferentes centros nacionales e internacionales donde ha sido implementado: National Earthquake Information Center (US), Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (US), Japan Meteorological Agency (Japón), Earthquake Research Institute (Japón), Servicio Sismológico Nacional (México), Centro Sismológico Nacional (Chile), French Polynesia Tsunami Warning Center (Tahití), etc. Más allá de activar una alerta, un modelo fiable de la fuente es esencial en las horas posteriores a un gran terremoto para estimar los daños causados y planificar adecuadamente las operaciones de rescate.

La astronomía pretende comprender el funcionamiento del universo a gran escala: no sólo la formación y evolución de los distintos astros sino del cosmos en su conjunto.

A lo largo de esta charla se explicarán las razones principales de construir un telescopio espacial para frecuencias infrarrojas: la búsqueda de exo-planetas y el estudio de las galaxias más distantes. Además se comentarán aspectos sobre su puesta en órbita y operación.

Se mencionarán algunas características de la radiación infrarroja y la necesidad de emplear telescopios espaciales para analizar la que emiten distintos tipos de astros. Se explicará el funcionamiento del telescopio Webb y lo que se ha descubierto hasta la fecha empleando los instrumentos que lleva a bordo.

La charla finalizará comentando la importancia de vincular la ciencia con la industria, el potencial que se logra con grandes proyectos multinacionales y sobre todo la posibilidad de descubrir objetos celestes hasta ahora ignorados.

Code:
SE01

Title:
Physical limnology

Description:
The research of physical limnology has been scarce compared with biochemical and ecological studies in several Mexican lakes.

The main purpose is to bring together diverse studies, from research projects as preliminary and published, focused on studies (water quality and biota) related to physical processes (wind driven currents, thermal structure, internal waves, mixing processes, transport, etc.) in lakes.

In this session we are happy to cordially invite all scientist and students to participate in the conference and share the latest interdisciplinary issues, observational data, experimental, theory and numerical modeling, in different world lakes.

Conveners:
Tzitlali Gasca Ortiz tzitlali.gasca@academicos.udg.mx
Diego Pantoja diego.pantoja@academicos.udg.mx
Jorge Montes Aréchiga jorge.montes@academicos.udg.mx

Code:
SE02

Title:
70th anniversary of the National Sea Level Monitoring Service

Description:
In this session, various scientific investigations will be presented in which the data generated by the National Sea Level Monitoring Service has been of vital importance for its development.

Conveners:
Octavio Gómez-Ramos octavio@igeofisica.unam.mx
Jorge Zavala-Hidalgo jzavala@atmosfera.unam.mx
Sergio Valente Gutiérrez-Quijada quijada@geofisica.unam.mx
Miguel Ángel García-Palacios miguelg@igeofisica.unam.mx

Code:
SE03

Title:
Education and dissemination of Earth Sciences: challenges imposed by the pandemic

Description:
The unexpected arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic forced science educators and communicators to implement rapid changes to online learning. The challenges that were faced revealed the weaknesses in the educational systems, but also their strengths, and highlighted the flexibility and adaptability of all the agents involved.

We invite you to share in this session your achievements, experiences and learnings in facing the challenges imposed by the pandemic and the effectiveness and importance of converting traditional material to the online environment.

Conveners:
Caridad Cárdenas Monroy aqui.cari@gmail.com
Ericka Alinne Solano Hernández alierika@gmail.com
Oscar Alberto Castro Artola oscar.cas.art@gmail.com

Code:
SE04

Title:
Geophysical instrumentation and acquisition protocols

Description:
Instrumentation and acquisition protocols are a fundamental part in all disciplines of geophysics to carry out studies successfully. This includes not only field work, but also laboratory work.

However, we are used to following conventional techniques imposed by equipment and instrument manufacturers and/or conventional theory in observation and methodological development.

In this session we want to include the instrumental developments and implemented methodologies that can be classified as unconventional or novel that are in any stage of design, experimentation or already put into practice where they can serve as a clear example of the innovation that they can achieve or have achieved.

Conveners:
Armando Carrillo armando@igeofisica.unam.mx
Gerardo Cifuentes gercifue@igeofisica.unam.mx
David Escobedo dezenil@unam.mx
Jesús Sánchez jsanchez@unam.mx

Code:
SE05

Title:
From the Rheic Ocean to the Pangea amalgamation: a stratigraphic, geochronologic, and isotopic perspective

Description:
The Earth history has been punctuated by the cyclic assembly and breakup of supercontinents. The repeated consolidation and fragmentation of supercontinental masses influenced the evolution of the geosphere, leading to continuous changes in geography and topography, which profoundly controlled the evolution of the hydrographic pattern, as well as the diversification of climatic conditions that in turn promoted the biological and cultural diversity.

The geodynamic processes that led to the assembly and breakup of supercontinents are still poorly understood. Pangea, the most recent supercontinent formed on Earth, was generated by the closure of the Iapetus and Rheic oceans at the end of Paleozoic time. The assembly of continental blocks that formed Pangea culminated a whole plate tectonic cycle and marked the beginning of a new stage of continental breakup by Triassic time, leading to the opening of the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. Although different models have been proposed for the closure of the Rheic Ocean, none of them fully consider the Mexican geology, which is key considering that Mexico was located along the suture belt between two of the main continental masses that collided during Pangea assembly.

The aim of this session is to allow interchange between the scientific community, bring advances related to the tectonic evolution and reconstructing the paleogeography of some of the Mexican pre-Pangea continental blocks, in order to understand the geodynamic processes that led to the assembly of the most recent supercontinent that was formed on Earth. All the contributions related to the stratigraphic record of key sedimentary and igneous units involved in the opening and closure of the Rheic Ocean, as well as the Pangea amalgamation are welcome, to allow reconstructing the age, stratigraphy, and tectonic significance of these geologic units to test the existent geological models on the assembly of the western equatorial Pangea, as well as to propose a new one better suited to the Mexican paleogeography.

Conveners:
Luigi Augusto Solari solari@unam.mx
Mildred Zepeda Martínez mildredzm@geociencias.unam.mx
Michelangelo Martini mmartini@geologia.unam.mx
Pilar Navas-Parejo pilarnpg@geologia.unam.mx

Code:
SE06

Title:
Chihuahua: challenges and achievements

Description:
Chihuahua is a mining territory by tradition, but it has managed to overcome challenges and reach important achievements, which have allowed it to rise to the current level where there are conditions of technological, agricultural, industrial, and mining progress and with it challenges of sustainable development. It is intended that this special session brings together research work on sustainable development.

Conveners:
Ignacio Alfonso Reyes Cortés ireyes@uach.mx
Miguel Franco Rubio mfranco@uach.mx
Angélica Oviedo García aoviedo@uach.mx

Code:
SE07

Title:
Geosciences in society: education, outreach and dissemination

Description:
The development of Geosciences in our country has been increasing exponentially in the last decades. This is due to the scientific and technical interest of geoscientists. Learning about the dynamic of Earth and the processes which formed the enormous geological wealth of México, is and will always be, the purpose of Geosciences. Geology has extended its horizons and now it takes into account other sciences such as Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, Biology among others.

Geology's diversity, has favored the development of Mexican scientists. They have become more capable to understand Earth's phenomena surrounding them. An outstanding understanding, assimilation and dissemination of Earth Sciences is vital. Researchers must work on finding easier ways for teaching science for everybody's comprehension. A good researcher must have interacting skills and being committed to his work.

The objectives of this session are mainly the exchange of teaching techniques and innovative tools in the the process of education, outreach and dissemination of Earth Sciences in our country. These techniques might include tasks able to be managed inside and outside classrooms, they should be reachable everywhere and free for the society. The session accepts works related to Earth Sciences' outreach and dissemination, curriculums, impact and social retribution, and new teaching methods.

Conveners:
Marina Manea marina@geociencias.unam.mx
Silvia Violeta Nava Lara vnavalara@gmail.com
Andres David Bayona adbayonao@geociencias.unam.mx

Code:
SE08

Title:
Geoheritage and geodiversity

Description:
This session deals with Geoheritage and Geodiversity, with emphasis on research and projects for geoconservation and communication and interpretation of natural areas, focused on Earth Sciences, the environment, relief and geological landscape, and strategies for sustainable development, including geotourism activities and scientific tourism. This session provides a forum for the presentation and discussion of UNESCO Global Geoparks, whether they are projects, candidates or certifified, geosite proposals, and natural areas that include Geoheritage and Geodiversity.

Conveners:
Gerardo de Jesús Aguirre Díaz ger@geociencias.unam.mx
Carles Canet Miquel ccanet@igeofisica.unam.mx
Geraldine Verónica Vázquez Alarcón geraldinevazal@ciencias.unam.mx

Code:
SE09

Title:
Recent advances in numerical, experimental, and statistical modelling for the characterization of wind energy and marine renewable energy

Description:
This special session focuses on numerical modelling and data analysis with application to wind energy and other renewable energy sources, mainly marine, emphasizing resource characterization. This includes, but is not limited to: numerical, experimental, o statistical models; prospection studies to characterize wind, waves, currents, temperature or salinity gradients, or other relevant variables; recent advances in microscale and mesoscale modelling, and micro-mesoscale model coupling, that improve resource characterization.

The session does not only seek to present numerical results but also methodological developments in remote sensing and in-situ measurements that can improve boundary and initial conditions for numerical weather predictions, hydrodynamics, and computational fluid dynamics models.

We invite algorithm development and data science contributions that help reduce uncertainty in predictions, applied science or cutting-edge science contributions, either on wind energy or other renewable energy resources, as well as energy storage systems, that may impact methodologies for renewable energy resource characterization.

Dr Markus Gross proposed and co-organized this special session from 2019 to 2021. He tragically passed away on the 25th of January 2022. The session is dedicated to his memory.

Conveners:
Alejandro Arias alexarias7114@gmail.com
Vanesa Magar vmagar@cicese.edu.mx
Osvaldo Rodríguez Hernández osroh@ier.unam.mx
Diego Arturo Canul Reyes dacr@ier.unam.mx

Code:
SE10

Title:
Cordilleran tectonics and ore deposits of NW Mexico

Description:
This Special Session aims to update the knowledge of the tectonic episodes recorded in northwestern Mexico that led to the generation of one of the most important mineralized regions of the North American Cordillera. The evolution of an eastward migratory magmatic arc during the Late Cretaceous to the Eocene, and the subsequent detachment of the subducted slab, generated exceptional conditions for the development of various styles of mineralization. The session is an opportunity to promote the interaction between traditional geological studies with studies more specifically focused on the understanding of mineralized systems.

Conveners:
Martín Valencia Moreno martin.valencia@unam.mx
Mélanie Noury melanienoury@gmail.com
Rafael del Rio Salas rdelriosalas@gmail.com

Code:
SE11

Title:
Oceanic and atmospheric climate extremes

Description:
There is worldwide recognition of increases in frequency and intensity of climate extremes, such as tropical storms, marine and atmospheric heatwaves, hypoxic and acidification events, etc. With climate change trends, climate extremes have the potential of causing severe and in some cases irreversible impacts on natural and socio-economic systems. Coastal communities are particularly vulnerable to climate extremes since they are highly reliant on their coastal ecosystem services and infrastructure; nonetheless, extreme events may have regional scale footprints and mesoscale drivers.

This session invites studies that address a variety of climate extreme aspects, including their observation, characterisation, spatio-temporal variability, physical drivers, dynamics, predictability, and impacts on ecosystems and ecosystem-services. We encourage submission of both studies that focus on local coastal ecosystems and those that explore regional or global dynamics.

Conveners:
Ruth Cerezo Mota ruth.cerezomota@gmail.com
Paulina Cetina Heredia pcetinah@iingen.unam.mx
Maria Eugenia Allende Arandía mallendea@iingen.unam.mx

Code:
SE12

Title:
Thermodynamics in magmatic fragmentation

Description:
What thermodynamic processes occur inside our planet Earth and how can we understand them applying physics' laws?

Conveners:
Mónica Cristina Barajas Zenteno starthepshyco@gmail.com
Ricardo López García theboywithblackeyes@gmail.com

Code:
SE13

Title:
History of Geosciences in Mexico

Description:
The National Geological Institute was founded in 1882 as an institute to make geological studies and related them to mining. Maybe this historical event represents the watershed of the starting of the organized and collective efforts to study geosciences in Mexico.

In order to share the historical knowledge and the experiences along this 140 years, we propose this special session to submit works related with the history of geosciences, history of the institutions and history of geological phenomena (e.g. earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, etc.).

We invite colleagues from Mexico and Latinoamerica to submit works related with this subject.

Conveners:
Juan Manuel Espíndola Castro jmec@unam.mx
Lucero Morelos Rodríguez luceromr@geologia.unam.mx
Arturo Iglesias Mendoza arturo@igeofisica.unam.mx

Code:
SE14

Title:
Late Paleozoic to Cenozoic of Mexico and Beyond: Stratigraphy, Magmatism, Geochronology, Tectonics and Paleomagnetism: A Tribute to Roberto Stanley Molina-Garza

Description:
Roberto Stanley Molina-Garza was an interdisciplinary geoscientist at the forefront of North American tectonics. This session welcomes abstracts related to the Guerrero Superterrane and many other topics related to Roberto’s research that left an indelible mark on the understanding of tectonic reconstructions of Mexico.

Conveners:
Alexander Iriondo iriondo@geociencias.unam.mx
Harald Böhnel hboehnel@geociencias.unam.mx
Luis Delgado-Argote ldelgado@cicese.mx
Martín Guerrero-Suástegui mgros62@yahoo.com.mx

Code:
SE15

Title:
Coastal resilience

Description:
Coastal resilience is the capacity of any socio-ecological system (SES) to recover or reach a new equilibrium, at different rates and scales, following the impact of environmental or socio-economic stressors or shocks, while maintaining its functionality and services. Its study is highly complex given that SES are sensible to anthropogenic activities (land use changes, pollution, exploitation and economic activities), the effects of climate change (sea level rise and increased temperature), as well as the occurrence of extreme meteorological and seismic events. In this session we invite the submission of abstracts related to coastal resilience and any aspects that make its evaluation possible (stressors, shocks, thresholds, interactions, tendencies, ...). The presentations can be theoretical, experimental, numerical, or based on field data, from uni-, multi-, inter- or transdisciplinary approaches.

Conveners:
Paulo Salles psallesa@iingen.unam.mx
Alec Torres-Freyermuth atorresf@iingen.unam.mx
Gema Hidalgo Rodríguez gema.hidalgo@ccgs.mx
Luis Arturo Mendez Barroso lmendezb@asu.edu

Code:
SE16

Title:
Applied hydroacoustics in marine geohysics: experiencies and scope in the region

Description:
The use of marine acoustics has contributed to the development of a wide range of research tools for the benefit of Marine Geophysics. After an important technological evolution, today there are not only different research tools but also a great variety of data that provide researchers with more analysis tools from an interdisciplinary point of view and with platforms being more efficient every day.

Mexico is an important benchmark in the region due to the number of platforms, tools and studies that are generated regarding this topic. With projects ranging from underwater archeology studies, port monitoring, hydrographic controls, regional tectonics studies, geological risk analysis, oceanographic studies, fishing habitat investigations, environmental impact, among many others.

In this occasion we would like to bring together some of the most outstanding experiences of Marine Geophysics in Mexico in order to learn about the research disciplines, techniques, scope and needs in the sector.

Conveners:
Leonardo José Figueroa Albornoz leonardo.figueroa@km.kongsberg.com
Vicente Carrasco Molina Vicente.Carrasco@km.kongsberg.com
Rafael Cossío González rafael.cossio.gonzalez@km.kongsberg.com

Code:
CU01

Title:
LiDAR point cloud and its applications

Description:
This course aims to provide attendees with the basic knowledge of Light Detection And Raging (LiDAR) technology: an optical remote sensing technique that uses laser light to obtain a dense sample of the earth's surface producing accurate measurements of x, y and z. The foregoing, in order to introduce them to the science of remote sensing and remote sensing with its multiple social, geological, archaeological, environmental applications, among others, to contribute to their academic and professional development. The course will consist of two modules: theoretical and practical and it will be necessary to have a laptop.

Conveners:
Amalia Elizabeth Trujillo Torres amaliatrujillotorres@outlook.com

Code:
CU02

Title:
U in desert areas

Description:
U, like any natural element, occurs within a defined geological cycle and in this cycle, it keeps moving, sometimes concentrating and other times disintegrating. In the case of desert areas, mobility is restricted to a certain extent, it can be said that movement slows down, but it does not stop in the cycle of the element. The course shows the parameters and processes involved in the mobility of uranium in articulation, but they can be transferred to the rest of the other natural elements that exist on the surface of the Earth.

The course includes:
1. Origin of U minerals
2. Transport mechanisms
3. Deposit controls
4. Typical deposits in the world
5. Distribution of U in Mexico
6. Challenge in Chihuahua of sustainable development

Conveners:
Ignacio Alfonso Reyes Cortés ireyes@uach.mx
Miguel Franco Rubio mfranco@uach.mx
Angélica Oviedo García aoviedo@uach.mx

Code:
CU03

Title:
Geosciences and society communication: Planeteando School

Description:
Estudios Planeteando presents the third edition of the Fall School: Geosciences and society communication, which will offer immersive workshops with the theoretical and practical foundations necessary to communicate current geo-socio-environmental issues to multiple audiences, through different media.

This school is aimed at students, professionals, and professors of earth sciences, environmental sciences, geography, or related areas who wish to begin or continue the work of communicating their research to non-specialized audiences.

Conveners:
Raiza Pilatowsky Gruner produccion@planeteando.org
Anthony Ramírez Salazar editorial@planeteando.org
Mónica G. Ramírez Calderón monicald@geociencias.unam.mx
Bernardo A. Bastien Olvera bastien@ucdavis.edu

Code:
CU04

Title:
Ocean data management

Description:
This course provides a comprehensive introduction to the management of marine data, including the guiding principles of data management and typical responsibilities for data managers, data stewards and scientists.

This course is developed by, and for, marine data managers, data stewards and researchers, working in institutions responsible for the collection and good management of marine data in all fields (oceanography, biology, chemistry, physics).

During this course, you will review aspects related to the management of marine data, including data formats, metadata, quality control, data policy, data sharing and publishing, data management plans and the research data life cycle. By the end of this course, you will be able to describe and implement the core tasks required for the processing of marine data, explain the importance of metadata, advise researchers on the research data life cycle and explain why a good data management plan is key from the very first initial steps of a project.

Conveners:
Victor Alejandro Arias Esquivel alexarias7114@gmail.com

Code:
CU05

Title:
Geophysical data analysis using the JupyterLab interactive web development environment: its application in Earth Sciences

Description:
Remote work in the last two years has allowed us to experiment with tools for self-managed course support. In particular, Jupyterlab is a web-based interactive development environment with a flexible and friendly user interface that allows organizing workflows for different disciplines such as data science, scientific computing, computer science, and earth sciences among others.

The objective of this course is to provide the participant with the practical knowledge for creating didactic material using the Jupyterlab environment. Examples of notebooks for pre- and post-processing tasks relevant to geophysical data will be presented during this course. In addition, the acquired skills may allow the participant to create work environments required for their different types of analysis.

Among the topics to be presented, we have the use of anaconda and mamba package managers, work environment creation, execution of Jupyterlab, as well as the creation of notebooks with examples focused on geophysical data analysis.

Conveners:
Erika Danaé López Espinoza danae@atmosfera.unam.mx
Víctor Almanza Veloz victor.almanza@atmosfera.unam.mx
José Agustín García Reynoso agustin@atmosfera.unam.mx

Code:
CU06

Title:
Sampling techniques for dating archaeological context by Archaeomagnetism, Radiocarbon and Thermoluminescence

Description:
Within archeometry, the application of dating methods is essential to establish the chronology of archaeological sites. Cultural materials in an archaeological context are varied and some of them can be very good indicators of temporality, however, is very important the analysis of previous archaeological context to the sampling and know the characteristics of cultural materials in the site (pottery, bones, stucco, shells, organic waste, floors, ovens, etc.) to apply the appropriate method of dating for each material. Sometimes the application of dating methods cannot be carried out for reasons such as improper handling of samples (contamination), the samples are subjected to artificial or ambient conditions affecting measurement or lack of field elements that must be measured in situ.

It is essential archaeological context analysis and obtaining appropriate materials for these indicators are correct timing for the event you want to date, this defines the establishment of reliable chronologies and more accurately. This course aims to provide the necessary elements to develop a strategy appropriate sampling for each archaeological context, besides the criteria that must be followed to select the appropriate method of dating, in addition to the basics and sampling techniques required to implement each the methods studied in the course. Knowledge of the scope and limitations of each method help us integrate precisely in order to generate more robust and consistent chronologies.

Objective:
Knowing the fundamentals and methodologies sampling of dating methods (thermoluminescence, radiocarbon and archaeomagnetism) for proper sampling during archaeological excavation.

Content:
1) Sampling Methodology Archaeomagnetism (1:30 h) Ana María Soler Arechalde
2) Sampling Methodology Radiocarbon (1:30 h) Galia González Hernández
3) Sampling Methodology Thermoluminescence (1:30 h) Ángel Ramírez Luna
4) Discussion with examples dating in archaeological context (1:30h)

Conveners:
Galia González Hernández galia@igeofisica.unam.mx
Ángel Ramírez Luna angel.termo@gmail.com
Ana María Soler Arechalde anesoler@igeofisica.unam.mx

Code:
CU07

Title:
W-phase workshop

Description:
Large earthquakes generally involve rupture propagation over large distances in a few minutes. In such cases, the point-source approximation is only valid for ultra-long-period seismic waves such as the W phase, which corresponds to the superposition of the first overtones of the Earth normal modes between 100 s and 1000 s. The W phase is conspicuous between the P wave and the surface wave train on broadband displacement records. The W phase source-inversion algorithm was initially developed to provide rapid characterization of the seismic source for tsunami warning purposes and is a reliable and straightforward method to resolve the first-order attributes of large earthquakes.

Using regional or global data from recent earthquakes, we will show how the inversion algorithm works.

To run the programs it is necessary to have a laptop and Linux operating system. In addition it has to be installed: csh shell, gcc, Fortran, Python 2.7 (or later), rdseed. You have to install numpy, matplotlib, cartopy and netCDF4 to run some python scripts which make figures.

Conveners:
Luis Rivera luis.rivera@unistra.fr
Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Domínguez miguel.anrodo@gmail.com
Ericka Alinne Solano alinne@angel.umar.mx

Code:
CU08

Title:
How to detect the ionospheric disturbances of different regions?

Description:
The state of the ionosphere is of particular interest because its variations affect the operation of different technical systems (telecommunications, navigation systems, satellite services, control systems, radio communications with ships, airplanes, etc.). The ionosphere is different at different latitudes/longitudes. Space Weather events cause ionospheric disturbances. This course provides basic training in international GNSS data processing with the aim to estimate the ionospheric state during Space Weather disturbances.

The first part of the course is the introduction to Space Weather and the Earth's ionosphere.

The second part of the course we discuss how to work with the ionospheric parameter TEC and use the Global Ionospheric Maps (GIM) based on international measurements. It will be explained how to extract ionospheric parameter values from the IONEX format using the IONEX READER program.

The focus of third part of the course is on the ionospheric state estimation during a Space Weather storm. The conclusions about what applications could be affected will be made. We will also consider how to choose the observation points for this study. At the end of the course, the participants will discuss their results.

The participants should bring a Laptop (preferably with Windows).

Conveners:
Maria Sergeeva maria.a.sergeeva@gmail.com
Victor Jose Gatica Acevedo vic_gatica@hotmail.com

Code:
CU09

Title:
Scientific images manipulation with Python Opencv

Description:
OpenCV is a free, multi platform programming tool that provides an easy-to-use working environment. This course provides an introduction to programming and developing scripts in python with the aim to treat the images of different types (jpg, png, bmp, etc). First, it will be shown how to rotate, resize, cut and change colors photographs; and then pixel values will be obtained using the example of images of the dynamic spectrum and radio galaxy maps as an example to obtain an approximation of the original data series with which they were built.

Conveners:
Pablo Villanueva Hernández pablo@geofisica.unam.mx
Gilberto Armando Casillas Pérez gacp@geofisica.unam.mx

Code:
CU10

Title:
Machine Learning in Seismology: Practical examples

Description:
Currently, Machine Learning algorithms have demonstrated great efficiency for large volumes of data. Supervised machine learning algorithms are mostly based on deep neural networks with several variants such as: convolutional, transformer, feed-back, etc. In this course we will give an introduction to machine learning architecture. We will have practical examples understanding the metrics and their efficiency, recall and accuracy. Experience in seismic data analysis is recommended, especially in pickings phases and epicentral location. In this course, we will make use of traditional SEISAN algorithms where the picking is done visually, and we will integrate the data with machine learning algorithms. We will also configure the computers to run the neural networks of the course. We will use EQTransfomes, CONVNetquake and PhaseNet networks. It is important that attendants assist with their own examples, e.g. a data series for one month of the seismic network of the institutions to which the attendees belong. At the end of the course we will have the necessary tools to implement machine learning algorithms in the seismic networks of each institution.

Conveners:
Roberto Ortega ortega@cicese.mx
Dana Carciumaru carciumaru@cicese.mx

Code:
CU11

Title:
Intoduction to seismological instrumentation

Description:
We propose a pre-conference two-days course (october 29th & 30th).

The achieved experience in the Servicio Simológico Nacional (SSN) will be shared to the participants.

In this course we will show the main components in the installation of a seismological station, the most relevant aspects to select a site and the recomended practices for their maintenance.

Conveners:
Jorge Alberto Estrada Castillo jorgee@sismologico.unam.mx
Arturo Iglesias Mendoza arturo@igeofisica.unam.mx
Alejandro Hurtado Díaz alhudi@sismologico.unam.mx

Code:
CU12

Title:
Strategies for publishing scientific articles in high-impact journals

Description:
This is course oriented to students from Mexico and Latin America.

Conveners:
Juan Contreras juanc@cicese.mx

Code:
CU13

Title:
Computational thinking in Earth Sciences

Description:
In this course-workshop the Computational Thinking stages are reviewed: given a complex problem, the one that at first glance we do not know how to solve, it is divided into a series of smaller and more manageable problems (decomposition). Each of these smaller problems is analyzed individually, considering how similar problems have been solved in the past (pattern recognition) and focusing only on the important details, ignoring information that is not relevant (abstraction). Subsequently, simple steps or rules are defined to solve each of the smaller problems (algorithms). Finally, these simple steps or rules are codified in a computer programs, which, when executed, generates information with the solution of the problem (computer application). This methodology will be applied in the solution of problems of interest in earth sciences, particularly: 1) retrieval, visualization and analysis of geophysical information, 2) solution of ordinary differential equations and 3) solution of partial differential equations. For the practice, the Python programming language and a teaching platform (MACTI) will be used where the participant will be able to execute their codes without the need to install anything on their local computer.

Conveners:
Luis Miguel de la Cruz luiggix@gmail.com

Code:
CU14

Title:
Analysis and assessment of coastal resilience and vulnerability: theory and case studies

Description:
This Course-Workshop is intended to undergraduate, master's and doctoral students, as well as researchers, decision and public policy makers interested in obtaining basic, general and practical knowledge of the analysis and assessment of resilience and vulnerability of coastal social-ecological systems, which are integrated by wetlands, mangroves and beaches, and they face natural and anthropogenic disturbances. The Course-Workshop is made up of different work dynamics that enable the presentation of analytical and methodological frameworks, and case studies at different levels (physical, geomorphological, biological) and analysis scales (spatial, temporal, political-administrative). The specific objectives of the workshop are: to understand 1) the framework of coastal socio-ecological systems and complex adaptive systems, and 2) the theoretical and conceptual evolution of resilience and vulnerability, 3) to analytically apply theoretical-conceptual knowledge in case studies, 4) to visualize schemes of analysis and evaluation of resilience and vulnerability in the context of public policies. The methodological development consists of three phases: i) theoretical-conceptual, ii) analytical and iii) operationalization of resilience and vulnerability in the context of public policies. During the first and second phases, slides will be presented and a question-answer-debate dynamic will take place. During the third phase, exercises will be carried out in order to walk from theory to analytical practice. At the end, the participants will be able to propose and systematize research problems with a comprehensive approach to assess the resilience and vulnerability of coastal socio-ecological systems.

Conveners:
Véronique Sophie Ávila Foucat savila_1@yahoo.com.mx
César Vázquez González cesargonzalez84@gmail.com
Paulo Salles psallesa@iingen.unam.mx
Alec Torres Freyermuth atorresf@iingen.unam.mx

Code:
CU15

Title:
SEISAN and SAC basic course

Description:
Installation, configuration, and basic usage of these software tools for seismic data processing on the Linux platform.

Topics:
Linux environment
- Usage of basic commands for the Linux environment and environment variables.
- Software dependencies preparation for the installation of the tools.
- Configuration of environment variables for compilation and installation of the applications.
SEISAN
- Creation of the SEISAN file system structure.
- Register of signals.
- Interpretation of phases.
- Location of seismic events.
SAC
- Conversion of data format to SAC.
- Basic signal processing.

Conveners:
Víctor Hugo Espíndola Castro victore@sismologico.unam.mx
Iván Rodríguez Rasilla ivan@sismologico.unam.mx
Miguel Angel García Palacios miguelg@igeofisica.unam.mx
Edgar Montoya Quintanar edgar@sismologico.unam.mx

Code:
CU16

Title:
Introduction to sub-bottom profiles acquisition by means of acoustic methods of high-resolution seismic reflection (Sub-bottom profilers)

Description:
Kongsberg Maritime has developed a range of tools for the study of the seabed. Within these tools, there are the high-resolution sub-bottom profilers. SBPs generate a high-resolution seismic reflection profile by emitting low-frequency acoustic pulses and the principles of reflection and echo detection, which allow the characterization of stratification and the seabed in general with high resolution, the sediments penetration can reach up to 200m where seabed conditions allow.

This training aims to provide participants with the basic notions of the SBP data acquisition and processing, based on underwater acoustics, the operation of the TOPAS system and its integration with hydrographic data.

A real-time demonstration of the Topas PS120 system in remote operation is expected.

Conveners:
Leonardo José Figueroa Albornoz leonardo.figueroa@km.kongsberg.com
Vicente Carrasco Molina Vicente.Carrasco@km.kongsberg.com
Rafael Cossío González rafael.cossio.gonzalez@km.kongsberg.com